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强大的老鼠'在太空中保持肌肉束缚，为宇航员带来福音 |
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科学家周一报道，在国际空间站呆了一个月之久，肿胀的突变的“强大老鼠”紧紧抓住肌肉，带着r壮的健美运动员的体形返回地球。
这些发现有望为防止宇航员在长时间的太空旅行（如火星飞行任务）中以及在地球上只能卧床休息或需要轮椅的人们中避免肌肉和骨骼流失。
由康涅狄格州杰克逊实验室的Se-Jin Lee博士领导的研究小组于12月将40只年轻的黑色雌性老鼠送到了空间站，并发射了SpaceX火箭。
Lee在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的一篇论文中说，这24只常规未经治疗的小鼠在失重中失去了预期的可观的肌肉和骨骼质量-高达18％。
但是八只经过基因工程改造的“强大的老鼠”以两倍的肌肉发射了它们，保持了它们的体积。他们的肌肉似乎与留在美国宇航局肯尼迪航天中心的类似“强大老鼠”相当。
此外，八只在太空中接受过“强力老鼠”治疗的正常小鼠以明显更大的肌肉回到了地球。治疗包括阻断通常限制肌肉质量的一对蛋白质。
一台SpaceX太空舱使所有40只老鼠恢复了健康，并于1月跳入了加利福尼亚海岸附近的太平洋。李说，一些普通的老鼠在返回后被注射了“强大的老鼠”药物，并且比未经治疗的同伴更快地增强了肌肉。
就像冠状病毒袭击美国一样，科学家们完成了实验。
Lee的妻子康涅狄格州儿童医学中心的Emily Germain-Lee博士说：“ COVID的唯一一线希望是，我们有足够的时间来编写它，并将结果提交发表。”隶属于康涅狄格大学。
尽管受到他们的发现的鼓舞，这对夫妇说，在对人们测试这种药物以增强肌肉和骨骼而没有严重副作用之前，还需要做更多的工作。
“我们已经好几年了。但是，从鼠标研究到人类研究，事情就是这样。” Germain-Lee说。
Lee说，实验指出了其他值得研究的分子和信号传导途径-“致富的尴尬……我们想追求的许多事情。”他的下一步：可能会派遣更多“威猛的老鼠”到空间站进行一次停留时间更长。
三名NASA宇航员照顾太空老鼠，进行身体扫描和注射：去年秋天进行首次全女性太空行走的克里斯蒂娜·科赫和杰西卡·梅尔，以及安德鲁·摩根。他们被列为合著者。
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美联社健康与科学系得到了霍华德·休斯医学研究所科学教育系的支持。AP对所有内容全权负责。
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — Bulked-up, mutant “mighty mice” held onto their muscle during a monthlong stay at the International Space Station, returning to Earth with ripped bodybuilder physiques, scientists reported Monday.
The findings hold promise for preventing muscle and bone loss in astronauts on prolonged space trips like Mars missions, as well as people on Earth who are confined to bed or need wheelchairs.
A research team led by Dr. Se-Jin Lee of the Jackson Laboratory in Connecticut sent 40 young female black mice to the space station in December, launching aboard a SpaceX rocket.
In a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Lee said the 24 regular untreated mice lost considerable muscle and bone mass in weightlessness as expected — up to 18%.
But the eight genetically engineered “mighty mice” launched with double the muscle maintained their bulk. Their muscles appeared to be comparable to similar “mighty mice” that stayed behind at NASA's Kennedy Space Center.
In addition, eight normal mice that received “mighty mouse” treatment in space returned to Earth with dramatically bigger muscles. The treatment involves blocking a pair of proteins that typically limit muscle mass.
A SpaceX capsule brought all 40 mice back in good condition, parachuting into the Pacific off the California coast in January. Some of the ordinary mice were injected with the “mighty mice” drug after returning and quickly built up more muscle than their untreated companions, Lee said.
The scientists completed the experiment just as the coronavirus was hitting the U.S.
“The only silver lining of COVID is that we had time to write it up very intensively" and submit the results for publication, said Dr. Emily Germain-Lee of Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Lee’s wife who also took part in the study. Both are affiliated with the University of Connecticut.
While encouraged by their findings, the couple said much more work needs to be done before testing the drug on people to build up muscle and bone, without serious side effects.
“We’re years away. But that’s how everything is when you go from mouse to human studies,” Germain-Lee said.
Lee said the experiment pointed out other molecules and signaling pathways worth investigating — “an embarrassment of riches ... so many things we'd like to pursue." His next step: possibly sending more “mighty mice” to the space station for an even longer stay.
Three NASA astronauts looked after the space mice, performing body scans and injections: Christina Koch and Jessica Meir, who performed the first all-female spacewalk last fall, and Andrew Morgan. They are listed as co-authors.
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The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.
资源编号：ZY2001205；资源类别：(英语基础资料)；收集时间：2020-09-08；资源参考链接
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